Long COVID: Factors influencing persistent symptoms and the impact of gender.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize the prevalence as well as clinical and epidemiological features of persistent symptoms after acute COVID-19, focusing on gender-specific differences in a primary care setting. METHODS: A total of 1542 individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. The study population comprised 55.77% females (mean age: 45.04 years). Risk factors for persistent COVID-19 were analyzed, revealing disparities between men and women. Symptom clusters and their prevalence were assessed over time, along with functional status using the post-COVID-19 functional status scale. RESULTS: The prevalence of persistent COVID-19 was 12.38%, with females exhibiting a 1.5 times higher risk. Females displayed a higher number of visits and persistent symptoms at 90 days, decreasing after one year. Symptom clusters varied between genders, with females experiencing more dermatological issues. Functional status analysis revealed that females had a better pre-infection status, similar status to males at 90 days, and improved status at 180-, 270-, and 365-days post-infection. Logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between persistence, gender, hospitalization, radiological abnormalities, age, and immunosuppression. CONCLUSION: This study provides insights into the prevalence and clinical characteristics of persistent COVID-19 in a primary care population. Females exhibited a higher risk of persistent symptoms and displayed distinct patterns in symptom clusters and functional status compared to males. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the long-term effects of COVID-19 and highlight the importance of gender-specific considerations in post-acute care.

Genetic diversity and phylogeny of Anopheles nuneztovari C and Anopheles albimanus, vectors of malaria in the department of Córdoba, Colombia.

In the department of Córdoba, 21 widely distributed Anopheles species have been described, of which Anopheles triannulatus, Anopheles nuneztovari, Anopheles albimanus, and Anopheles darlingi are the most abundant species, and the last three play a vectorial role in Malaria transmission in Colombia. A correct taxonomic identification of malaria insect vectors is of vital importance for the development of effective vector control strategies. However, the identification of individuals from the Anopheles genus presents difficulties due to the loss of relevant morphological characters during the transport and preservation of the collected specimens. In addition to the interspecific variations, and the intraspecific similarities of the species belonging to the subgenus Nyssorhynchus, since itpresents species complexes and cryptic species that difficults identification based only in morphological characteristics. The objective of this study was to characterize the barcode fragment of the COI gene and its genetic diversity for the identification of An. (Nys) nuneztovari and An. (Nys) albimanus in areas of high malaria transmission from the department of Córdoba. 67 individuals belonging to the species An. nuneztovari cytotype C and 22 An. albimanus were identified, and additionally, 9 haplotypes were obtained for An. nuneztovari C and 14 for An. albimanus distributed in the study areas. The values obtained in the FST and Nm estimators indicate a low or null genetic differentiation and a high gene flow between most of the studied populations because they share the most frequent haplotypes of these two species. The maximum likelihood trees for these species showed that the specimens from Córdoba belong to the same mitochondrial lineage as those previously reported from Antioquia, Choco, and Norte de Santander.

A look into the wild. Pathological analysis of a modern collection of guanacos from the Dry Chaco and its implications for South American camelid paleopathological studies.

OBJECTIVE: This article evaluates the prevalence of lesions in a modern osteological collection of guanacos (Lama guanicoe) and discusses the potential of paleopathological data to assess human intervention and environmental stress. MATERIALS: A modern osteological collection of guanacos (NISP = 862) from north-western Córdoba, Central Argentina. METHODS: The prevalence of pathological specimens per skeletal element and the pathological index (Bartosiewicz et al., 1997) was used. The prevalence of arthropathies, trauma and infections was quantified. Additionally, thorn lesions in the autopodium were recorded. RESULTS: 11.03 % of the specimens presented pathological changes and the mean pathological index was 0.01. Degenerative lesions were the most prevalent type (10.34 %), followed by traumatic (0.81 %) and infectious pathologies (0.12 %). Thorn lesions (2.55 %) were recorded especially in metapodials. CONCLUSIONS: Guanacos are exposed to the development of degenerative lesions, mainly in the autopodium and vertebrae. These lesions are probably common in camelids and should not be used to argue human management. Traumatic and infectious lesions are less frequent. SIGNIFICANCE: This work provides baseline information for the paleopathological study of South American camelids and contributes to the characterization of a regionally endangered species. LIMITATIONS: The nature of the faunal assemblage did not allow for direct correlations between pathologies and individual variables such as sex or age. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH: The comparison of our results with other wild and domesticated modern populations would be valuable to expand the baseline information for paleopathological studies. The use of quantitative methods is encouraged for future comparative and diachronic studies.

El rol de la enfermería del trabajo, un debate abierto / The role of occupational health nursing, an open debate

En una realidad social y laboral variable, compleja e inestable, la presencia de la enfermería del trabajo en las organizaciones constituye un valor añadido por su trayectoria y atención especializada. El periodo de formación de la especialidad tiene como objetivo formar a profesionales que puedan realizar actividades dirigidas a prevenir, promover, proteger y restaurar la salud de la población trabajadora. El enfoque de su actuación será laboral con perspectiva de salud pública, integral con mirada holística, integrado en el servicio de prevención de riesgos laborales y basado en la mejor evidencia científica disponible. A su vez, el ejercicio de la actividad debe realizarse también de acuerdo con estándares profesionales y ajustada a principios éticos. Por tanto, esta disciplina debe considerar no sólo que su práctica clínica sea efectiva, sino también coste-eficiente (AU)

In a variable, complex and unstable social and labour reality, the presence of occupational health nursing in organ-isations is an added value due to its specialised care and experience. The training period of the speciality aims to train professionals who can carry out activities aimed at preventing, promoting, protecting and restoring the health of the working population. The focus of their action will be occupational with a public health perspective, compre-hensive with a holistic view, integrated in the occupational risk prevention service and based on the best scientific evidence available. At the same time, the exercise of the activity must also be carried out in accordance with profes-sional standards and in line with ethical principles. Therefore, this discipline must consider not only that its clinical practice is effective, but also cost-efficient (AU)

Quality Food Products as a Tourist Attraction in the Province of Córdoba (Spain).

Traveling to learn about the gastronomy of a destination is becoming increasingly important among tourists, especially in the wake of the pandemic. Quality foods endorsed by protected designations of origin (PDOs) are increasingly in demand, as are experiences related to their production processes. In this study, the seven PDOs in the province of Córdoba (Spain) are analyzed. These PDOs produce olive oil, wine or ham. A field study was performed, whereby 315 gastronomic tourists who visited a gastronomic route or a PDO in Córdoba were surveyed. The objective was to characterize the profile of visiting tourists and to anticipate future demand using ARIMA models. The results indicate that the growth in gastronomic tourism in Córdoba is lower than that in the wider region, and that there are no significant differences among the different profiles (oil tourist, enotourist and ham tourists) due in part to the fact that most tourists travel from nearby regions. The novelty of this study is that three products are analyzed, and strategies are proposed to deseasonalize this type of tourism, for example, by creating a gastronomic brand that represents Córdoba and selling products under that brand (especially in international markets), by highlighting raw materials and prepared dishes and by making gastronomy a complement to heritage tourism in the city and rural tourism in the province.

Análisis cuantitativo del COVID-19 y sus impactos psicológicos y educativos en estudiantes universitarios y de secundaria en Córdoba, España / Quantitative analysis of COVID-19 and its psychological and educational impacts on university and secondary students in Córdoba, Spain

Introducción La pandemia COVID-19, que empezó en Wuhan, China, a finales del 2019, y, que hoy amenaza a todos los habitantes del planeta, configura el tema de investigación prioritaria en la actualidad. En este contexto, este artículo enfoca la manera en que este problema de salud afecta directamente al estado psicológico y educativo de 344 estudiantes universitarios y de secundaria, en Córdoba, España. Material y métodos Para el análisis se ha empleado el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM), a través de la cuantificación de un conjunto de relaciones entre una o más variables independientes, intentando condensar el escenario de pandemia y sus implicaciones sanitarias, psicológicas y educativas. Resultados La primera variable latente «Salud», es causal de la variable latente «Psicología», y de las variables endógenas «efectos relaciones sociales», «efectos tristeza» y «efectos sexualidad», lo cual confirma que la COVID-19 afectó seriamente al comportamiento psicológico de los estudiantes de universidad y de secundaria de Córdoba (AU)

Introduccion The COVID-19 pandemic that began in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019, and which today threatens all the inhabitants of the planet, is currently the priority research topic. In this context, this article focuses on how this health problem directly affects the psychological and educational status of 344 university and high school students in Córdoba, Spain. Material and methods For the analysis, the structural equation model (SEM) has been used, through the quantification of a set of relationships between one or more independent variables, trying to condense the pandemic scenario and its health, psychological and educational implications. Results The first latent variable “Health” is causal of the latent variable “Psychology”, and, of the endogenous variables, “social relations effects”, “sadness effects” and “sexuality effects”, which confirms that the COVID-19 seriously affected the psychological behavior of university and high school students in Córdoba (AU)

[Quantitative analysis of COVID-19 and its psychological and educational impacts on university and secondary students in Córdoba, Spain]. / Análisis cuantitativo del COVID-19 y sus impactos psicológicos y educativos en estudiantes universitarios y de secundaria en Córdoba, España.

INTRODUCCION: The COVID-19 pandemic that began in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019, and which today threatens all the inhabitants of the planet, is currently the priority research topic. In this context, this article focuses on how this health problem directly affects the psychological and educational status of 344 university and high school students in Córdoba, Spain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For the analysis, the structural equation model (SEM) has been used, through the quantification of a set of relationships between one or more independent variables, trying to condense the pandemic scenario and its health, psychological and educational implications. RESULTS: The first latent variable "Health" is causal of the latent variable "Psychology", and, of the endogenous variables, "social relations effects", "sadness effects" and "sexuality effects", which confirms that the COVID-19 seriously affected the psychological behavior of university and high school students in Córdoba.

Gender Neutral Language in (Greater) Buenos Aires, (Greater) La Plata, and Córdoba: An Analysis of Social Context Information Using Textual and Temporal Features.

In this article, I explore Twitter data to analyze Gender Neutral Language (GNL) in (Greater) Buenos Aires, (Greater) La Plata, and Córdoba. The goal is to characterize the social context behind GNL. Social context analysis of social media data is challenging given that this data type does not contain the social characteristics of its users and the circumstances under which the tweets were written. In order to fill this gap, I will derive the social context information from textual and temporal features by analyzing the names of locations, companies, and people used in the text and relating these entities to the message of the tweet. The analysis of temporal features will give us insights into the correlation between language use and social events. Our results show that the general characterization of the social context behind GNL is associated with socio-economically rich areas in city centers. Users of GNL in the investigated areas address certain groups of people with words that express familiarity and close social relationships, such as those meaning "friends" and "neighbors" and that give them information about a political, cultural, or social event or concerning commercial products/services. The temporal analysis by month supports this characterization by showing that certain political and social events induce a higher frequency of GNL. This paper contributes to previous research on GNL in Argentina by testing existing hypotheses quantitatively. The new discovery presented here is that political activism is not the only language context in which GNL is used in social media and that GNL is not exclusively used in big cities of Argentina but also in smaller cities.

Adaptación transcultural de un cuestionario de alimentación para niños de edad escolar en Córdoba, Argentina / Cross-cultural adaptation of a food questionnaire for schoolchildren in Córdoba, Argentina

Fundamentos: La evaluación de la ingesta en la niñez requiere instrumentos adecuados para la edad. Elobjetivo fue adaptar transculturalmente un cuestionario de alimentación para escolares desarrollado en Brasil(QUADA) y analizar su confiabilidad y validez para su aplicación en Córdoba, Argentina Métodos: El QUADA fue traducido al español y se reemplazaron las ilustraciones por alimentosrepresentativos localmente. Se realizaron pruebas de comprensión para evaluar interpretación de consignas eilustraciones y realizar modificaciones hasta llegar al cuestionario final: CuAE-24. Se evaluó la fiabilidad testretest aplicando el CuAE-24 dos veces el mismo día en una muestra de 113 escolares y se analizó la concordancia entre ambas aplicaciones usando test de Kappa. La validez se evaluó mediante la observación de la comida escolar (“gold standard”) el día anterior a la aplicación del CuAE-24, que fue contrastada con lasrespuestas de los escolares. Se calculó sensibilidad, especificidad, valores predictivos positivos (VPP) y negativos (VPN). Resultados: El CuAE-24 presenta 5 secciones (desayuno, media-mañana, comida, merienda, cena), con 76 alimentos ilustrados agrupados en 24 ítems. El test-retest presentó adecuada concordancia y se hallaron valores de sensibilidad, especificidad, VPP y VPN aceptables. Conclusiones: El CuAE-24 presenta validez y confiabilidad satisfactorias para utilizarse en investigaciones epidemiológicas en escolares de Córdoba, Argentina. (AU)

Background: Food intake assessment in childhood requires age-appropriate instruments. The objective was to analyze the cross-culturally adapt a food questionnaire for schoolchildren developed in Brazil (QUADA) andanalyze its reliability and validity for its application in Córdoba, Argentina.Methods: The QUADA was translated into Spanish and the illustrations were replaced by locally representative foods. Comprehension tests was carried out to evaluate interpretation of instructions and illustrations and to make modifications until reaching the final questionnaire: CuAE-24. To evaluate the testretest reliability, the CuAE-24 was applied twice the same day, in a sample of 113 schoolchildren. The Kappa test was used to analyze the concordance between both applications. The validity was analyzed by observing the school lunch (“gold standard”) the day before the application of the CuAE-24, which was contrasted with the responses of the schoolchildren. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values were calculated.Results: The CuAE-24 presents 5 sections (breakfast, mid-morning, lunch, snack, dinner), with 76 illustrated foods grouped into 24 items. The test-retest presented adequate concordance and acceptable sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values were found in most of the items. Conclusions: The CuAE-24 presents satisfactory validity and reliability to be used in epidemiologicalresearches in schoolchildren in Córdoba, Argentina. (AU)

Caracterización de la Política de Proyección Social de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba (UCC) para evaluar el impacto formativo en los graduados / Characterization of the Social Projection Policy of the Catholic University of Córdoba (UCC) to evaluate the educational impact

La Universidad Católica de Córdoba (Argentina) ha implementado una política de proyección social desde el año 2011, la cual forma parte de un objetivo central a nivel institucional: concebir las funciones sustantivas y centrales de la universidad desde la gestión socialmente responsable. La búsqueda de este objetivo tiene su sustento en el paradigma educativo ignaciano, el cual busca incidir desde allí en la formación de los futuros graduados. Frente a ello, se plantea una investigación que busca indagar sobre el impacto que logra en la formación de los graduados la política de proyección social bajo el enfoque de Responsabilidad Social Universitaria adoptado por la Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Una etapa esencial de esta investigación es lograr caracterizar la política mencionada a los fines de correlacionar los procesos educativos de acuerdo al paradigma educativo adoptado en la universidad con respecto a la formación y el perfil de sus graduados. Esta caracterización se realizó a partir de un enfoque analítico interpretativo, retrospectivo y transversal, desarrollado a través de un diseño metodológico cualitativo, basado en análisis documental y entrevistas en profundidad con los referentes institucionales. Los resultados de caracterización de la PPS permitieron considerar dos categorías de análisis: por un lado, el vínculo de la Universidad con la comunidad de acuerdo a propiedades prestablecidas, y por otro, el impacto de la política sobre los futuros graduados de acuerdo al paradigma educativo adoptado. Ante la carencia de herramientas adecuadas de evaluación de impacto formativo en los perfiles de los egresados universitarios, esta investigación pretende contribuir con avances instrumentales útiles en la medición de la efectividad de la política de proyección social de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba, los cuales poseen la potencialidad de hacerse extensivos para su empleo en otras universidades confiadas a la Compañía de Jesús, y de la región

The Catholic University of Córdoba (Argentina) has implemented a social projection policy since 2011, which is part of a central objective at the institutional level: to conceive the substantive and central functions of the university from socially responsible management. The search for this objective is supported by the Ignatian educational paradigm, which seeks to influence the training of future graduates from there. Faced with this, an investigation is proposed that seeks to investigate the impact that the policy of social projection, under the approach of University Social Responsibility, adopted by the Catholic University of Córdoba achieves in the training of graduates. An essential stage of this research is to characterise the aforementioned policy in order to correlate the educational processes according to the educational paradigm adopted at the university with respect to the training and profile of its graduates. This characterisation was carried out from an interpretive, retrospective and cross-sectional analytical approach, developed through a qualitative methodological design, based on documentary analysis and indepth interviews with institutional referents. The results of the characterisation of the PPS allowed considering two categories of analysis: on the one hand, the link between the University and the community according to pre-established properties, and on the other, the impact of the policy on future graduates according to the adopted educational paradigm. Given the lack of adequate tools for evaluating the training impact on the profiles of university graduates, this research aims to contribute with useful instrumental advances in measuring the effectiveness of the social projection policy of the Catholic University of Córdoba, which have the potential to be extended for employment in other universities entrusted to the Society of Jesus, and in the region.

Understanding the role of temporal variation of environmental variables in predicting Aedes aegypti oviposition activity in a temperate region of Argentina.

Environmental variables related to vegetation and weather are some of the most influential factors that impacting Aedes (Stegomya) aegypti, a mosquito vector of dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. In this paper, we aim to develop temporal predictive models for Ae. aegypti oviposition activity utilizing vegetation and meteorological variables as predictors in Córdoba city (Argentina). Eggs were collected using ovitraps placed throughout the city from 2009 to 2012 that were replaced weekly. Temporal generalized linear mixed models were developed with negative binomial distributions of errors that model average number of eggs collected weekly as a function of vegetation and meteorological variables with time lags. The best model included a vegetation index, vapor pressure of water, precipitation and photoperiod. With each unit of increment in vegetation index per week the average number of eggs increased by 1.71 in the third week. Furthermore, each millimeter increase of accumulated rain during 4 weeks was associated with a decrease of 0.668 in the average number of eggs found in the following week. This negative effect of precipitation could occur during abundant rainfalls that fill containers completely, thereby depriving females of oviposition sites and leading them to search for other suitable breeding sites. Furthermore, the average number of eggs increased with the photoperiod at low values of mean vapor pressure; however the average number of eggs decreased at high values of mean vapor pressure, and the positive relationship between the response variable and mean vapor pressure was stronger at low values of photoperiod. Additionally, minimum temperature was associated positively with oviposition activity and that low minimum temperatures could be a limiting factor in Ae. aegypti oviposition activity. Our results emphasize the important role that climatic variables such as temperature, precipitation, and vapor pressure play in Ae. aegypti oviposition activity and how these variables along with vegetation indices can be used to inform predictive temporal models of Ae. aegypti population dynamics that can be used for informing mosquito population control and arbovirus mitigation strategies.

Biological kinship in 750 year old human remains from Central Argentina with signs of interpersonal violence.

Human skeletal remains of an adult male (20-24 years old) and a juvenile (4-8 years old), dated to 750 ± 85 14C years BP, were found on the southern margin of Mar Chiquita Lagoon (Córdoba, Argentina). Both individuals show signs of being victims of interpersonal violence, with arrowheads associated with the remains and perimortem lesions on the juvenile, as well as an unusual form of burial, with the juvenile partially overlapped with the adult. The aim of this work is to study a possible kin relationship between these two individuals through ancient DNA analysis. Biological kinship was evaluated by autosomal and Y-chromosome STR (short tandem repeat) typing, PCR-APLP for SNP determination and hypervariable region I sequencing of the mitochondrial DNA. Genetic analyses indicated that these individuals shared the same Y-chromosomal haplotype but different mitochondrial lineages. The likelihood ratio based on autosomal loci indicates that the genetic profiles of the human remains would be more likely to be that indicating a father-son bond. The paleogenetic approach combined with forensic genetic methods applied to this study allowed us to confirm a hypothesis that originated in bioarchaeological evidence. This study constitutes a unique case in Argentina of kinship determination based on DNA profiles of human remains in an archaeological context of interpersonal violence. It is important to highlight the contribution made by these studies to address topics usually hidden in bioarchaeological studies, such as community organization, cultural customs and mortuary practices.

Trayectorias y dinámicas alimentarias de adultos/as mayores: la alimentación como relato de vida / Trajectories and food dynamics of Elderly People: food as life story

Argentina atraviesa un proceso de transición demográfica avanzada, ya que los/as adultos mayores (AM) alcanzan el 15,1% de la población. Ello pone en tensión el lugar de las/os AM en la sociedad, sus condiciones de acceso y resolución de necesidades, entre ellas la alimentación. En este trabajo se postula que hablar de la alimentación, de los alimentos, es hablar de los/as AM, de la historia de vida de estas personas que se va escribiendo entre sustancias y circunstancias que hacen a actividades tan cotidianas como el cocinar y el comer. Así, se planteó como objetivo, indagar acerca de la categoría trayectorias y dinámicas alimentarias (TyDA) de los/as AM de la Ciudad de Córdoba-Argentina, para establecer diálogo(s) posible(s) entre alimentación y curso de vida. Se realizó una investigación con posicionamiento epistemológico mixto entre paradigma interpretativista y crítico; con triangulación metodológica cuali-cuantitativa. Etapa cuantitativa: muestra no probabilística por cuotas según nivel de instrucción (n=384); incluyendo a AM de Córdoba y gran Córdoba que integran espacios participativos. Se implementó un cuestionario semiestructurado. Etapa cualitativa: muestra intencional (n=10) a partir del muestro anterior. Se realizaron observaciones participantes, bitácora de campo y entrevistas. Participaron 384 AM, edad promedio de 72 años (DE=7), 79% mujeres y 21% varones. Las "TyDA", siguiendo una idea de proceso que se construye y reconstruye constantemente, fueron abordadas desde: a) Etapa de la vida b) Sistema Alimentario y c) Alimentos identificadores. Reconstruir la historia de la comida de los/as AM propicia el reencuentro con la propia historia (infancia, juventud, adultez, vejez). Esta matriz de sentido es una invitación a repensar los abordajes en materia de políticas públicas destinados a este grupo poblacional; que genera cambios demográficos tanto a nivel macrosocial (cultura, economía, mercado de trabajo, sistemas políticos) pero especialmente en la experiencia de vida de los y las AM.

Urban Populations of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) From Central Argentina: Dispersal Patterns Assessed by Bayesian and Multivariate Methods.

Aedes aegypti (L.), the main vector of dengue and other arboviruses, was declared eradicated from Argentina in 1964; however, in 1987, it was detected again and nowadays it occurs in most of the country territory. To understand the transmission of vector-borne diseases, knowledge of the dispersal of vector populations is essential to evaluate the risk of pathogen transmission. We conducted a population genetic analysis of Ae. aegypti in 20 neighborhoods from Córdoba, the second largest city in Argentina, using 10 microsatellite loci. High genetic differentiation and the absence of an isolation by distance pattern was found using Weir and Cockerham's θ. Bayesian and multivariate clustering analyses showed that the studied sites included individuals with high membership coefficients (Q) in their populations, individuals with membership in another cluster, and admixed individuals. Individuals with high Q in clusters different from the population in which they were collected strongly suggests that passive transport is important in shaping the Ae. aegypti dispersal pattern in Córdoba city. Knowing the genetic structure of Ae. aegypti populations and their dispersal patterns would contribute to the implementation of vector control programs.

Could land cover influence Aedes aegypti mosquito populations?

Aedes aegypti is mainly found in urban environments, where human activity guarantees the permanent availability of potential larval habitats. The present study aimed to test for a possible association between Ae. aegypti infestation and land cover classes. From 23 February to 22 May 2015, immature mosquitoes (except eggs) were sampled in artificial containers identified in dwellings in Córdoba city, Argentina. The proportion of each land cover class was determined by SPOT-5 (Satellites Pour 1'Observation de la Terre or Earth-observing Satellites) image classification. Generalized linear models were developed to assess a suite of predetermined hypotheses and identified cover class variables associated with Ae. aegypti infestation. Arboreal vegetation was identified as the land cover with the greatest relative importance, negatively associated with Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. More infestation was find in areas with less arboreal vegetation, which corresponds to more urbanized areas.

Hydrogeological features affecting spatial distribution of glyphosate and AMPA in groundwater and surface water in an agroecosystem. Córdoba, Argentina.

The study area is located in the eastern slope of Las Peñas Mountain and its adjacent oriental fluvio-aeolian-plain. Agriculture is the main activity (soybean, maize, wheat, peanuts and alfalfa) with no-tillage farming and intensive use of agrochemicals (pesticides-fertilizers). Glyphosate (N-phosphono-methylglycine) is the most common used herbicide which suffers microbial biodegradation giving aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), its main metabolite. The objective of this work is to evaluate hydrogeological features which influence the presence of glyphosate and AMPA in waters. In the study area, the main flow direction of surface and groundwater is NW-SE. The unsaturated zone thickness decreases in the same direction from 60 to 0 m, so groundwater surges in low areas in the eastern sector. From the total water samples collected, glyphosate was detected in 66% of surface water samples (0.2 to 167.4 µg/L), in 15.8% of the groundwater samples (1.3 to 2 µg/L) and in the harvested precipitation sample (0.2 µg/L). AMPA was found in 33% of surface water and 15.8% of groundwater. The herbicide detection was related to areas with the shallowest water table (< 4 m), low hydraulic conductivity in the aquifer (K = 1.5 m/d), low hydraulic gradient (i = 0.16%) and very low flow velocity (0.02 m/d). The most outstanding result is that the groundwater presents higher values in comparison with the surface water samples, which can be explained by the greater dilution capacity of streams. The detection of glyphosate and AMPA in the unconfined aquifer shows that the application for decades under the prevailing agricultural model exceeds the degradation potential of the soil and the unsaturated zone, causing groundwater contamination.

Vascular plants dataset of the herbarium (COFC) of the University of Cordoba, Spain.

This paper describes the herbarium (COFC) dataset of vascular plants of the University of Cordoba (SW Spain). This dataset is made up of two collections, the General collection (61,377 specimens) and the Historical collection (1,614 specimens). This study has focused mainly on the General collection, which contains the largest number of vascular plant specimens, predominantly angiosperms, mainly provincial and regional (Andalusia, Spain), but also with a good representation of other areas of the Iberian Peninsula and neighboring countries. The place of collection is specified in 99.7% of the labels, about 35% being georeferenced, and it is estimated that, currently, about 86% of the material housed in the herbarium has been databased using Elysia v1.0. software. With more than 178 families, 1,178 genera, and 3,750 species, this collection not only has educational importance, but is a valuable research tool that has been useful for the development of important works such as "Flora Vascular de Andalucía Occidental" and the "Flora iberica". The dataset described in this paper is registered with GBIF (accessible at https://doi.org/10.15468/fdzzal).

Consumo de bebidas azucaradas en la alimentación de escolares de la ciudad de Córdoba, 2016-2017 / Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages in the Diet of Schoolchildren in Córdoba City, 2016-2017

INTRODUCCIÓN: El consumo excesivo de bebidas azucaradas (BA) se ha asociado a mayor riesgo de obesidad y sus comorbilidades. El objetivo del estudio fue examinar el consumo de alimentos y el aporte energético de las BA en escolares de 9-12 años de Córdoba en 2016-2017 según sexo y estado nutricional. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en una muestra de 311 escolares, obtenida mediante un muestreo por conglomerados. Se aplicó un cuestionario de alimentación validado y se calculó el consumo de alimentos en gramos por día (g/día), el de BA en centímetros cúbicos por día (cc/día), su aporte energético en kilocalorías por día (kcal/día) y la proporción cubierta del valor energético total (VET). Se analizaron diferencias por sexo y estado nutricional usando test T para proporciones (α=0,05). RESULTADOS: El 97% de los escolares consumió una media de 539,16 cc/día (error estándar: 18,81) de BA, lo que representa un 9% del VET. Una mayor proporción con normopeso (29,14%) consumió menos del 5% del VET a través de las BA respecto a los escolares con obesidad (11,86%) (p=0,014), mientras que la categoría de consumo medio (5-10% del VET) acumuló mayor proporción de niños con obesidad (52,54% versus 36,42%) (p=0,048). CONCLUSIONES: Las BA exceden la recomendación para el consumo de azúcares simples (10% del VET). Es necesario planificar abordajes alimentarionutricionales dirigidos a reducir su consumo en los escolares para prevenir la obesidad y enfermedades crónicas.

Occurrence of persistent organic pollutants in air at different sites in the province of Córdoba, Argentina.

The occurrence of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the atmosphere of six sites with different emission sources in the province of Córdoba, Argentina, was analyzed. The sites included urban, industrial, agricultural, and mountain areas. Samples were collected using passive air samplers (PAS) consisting of polyurethane foam disks (PUF). Samples were analyzed for 12 PAHs, 31 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 12 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and 11 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The concentrations of PAHs in the atmosphere were elevated at urban sites and were even higher at the industrial site. With respect to OCPs, it was observed that the concentrations of endosulfan were greater at the agricultural site (AGR) (416 ± 4 pg m-3). For hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), only the alpha isomer was detected and there were minimal differences between the different sampling sites (5.9-13.3 pg m-3). In the case of dieldrin, the highest concentrations (33.6 pg m-3) were found at the mountain site, which may have been due to its use for insect control. Although heptachlor epoxide was not detected, the concentration of heptachlor was significantly higher at the agricultural and downtown sites (∼ 3.6 pg m-3). Regarding DDTs, the isomers p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE showed the highest concentrations at the mountain site (ΣDDT 120 ± 12 pg m-3) and downtown site (ΣDDT 157 ± 62 pg m-3). The relationship between the isomers suggested that at the downtown site, the contribution of this pesticide to the environment was recent, probably for the control of diseases vectors. The congener pattern of PBDEs was dominated by BDE-47, and BDE-99 at all sites, with the downtown site having the highest concentrations of compound esters (ΣPBDEs 118 ± 38 pg m-3). Finally, high concentrations of PCBs were found at the industrial site (ΣPCBs 1677 ± 134 pg m-3), and the predominating homologs were 5-Cl and 6-Cl, in contrast to the other sites where PCBs were dominated by 3-Cl and 4-Cl. This is the first study of POPs carried out in the province of Córdoba.

Pseudoscorpiones (arachnida) de isla fuerte y tortuguilla, caribe colombiano

En busca de contribuir al conocimiento de la fauna de invertebrados en la región Caribe de Colombia, se evaluó la fauna de pseudoescorpiones en dos zonas insulares continentales frente a la costa del departamento de Córdoba, la cual incluye a nueve especies, ocho géneros y seis familias. Se reporta por primera vez el género Solinus Chamberlin y se amplía la distribución conocida de Solinus corticola Chamberlin, 1923, hacia Colombia. Se efectúan consideraciones sobre las especies a los diferentes microhábitats (excepto Planctolpium arboreum Hoff, 1964). Se sugiere que el rafting y la foresia permitió la dispersión de estos géneros y especies desde el continente hacia las zonas insulares.

To contribute to the knowledge of the invertebrate fauna in the Caribbean region of Colombia, the pseudoscorpion fauna was evaluated in two continental islands zones in the coast of the department of Córdoba, which includes nine species distributed in eight genera and six families, the genus Solinus Chamberlin is reported for the first time and the known distribution of Solinus corticola Chamberlin, 1923 is extended to Colombia. Also, the adaptation of the species to the different microhabitats is considered (except for Planctolpium arboreum Hoff, 1964). It is suggested that the rafting and the phoresis allowed the dispersal of these genera and species from the mainland towards the insular zones.